diff --git a/controllers.py b/controllers.py
index 77c3579..282404b 100644
--- a/controllers.py
+++ b/controllers.py
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ class IncrementalPID:
         self.output = new_output
         return new_output
 
-    def reset(self, initial_output=0.0):
+    def reset(self, initial_output=100.0):
         """Reset controller history and initialize the output command."""
         initial_output = float(initial_output)
         self.output = max(self.out_min, min(self.out_max, initial_output))
diff --git a/flow_control.py b/flow_control.py
index 7db4a4c..63a9230 100644
--- a/flow_control.py
+++ b/flow_control.py
@@ -150,8 +150,8 @@ class FlowControlLoop:
             )
         self.target_flow_slm = target
 
-    def start(self, initial_opening=0.0):
-        """复位状态并启动控制；默认从关闭开度开始。"""
+    def start(self, initial_opening=100.0):
+        """复位状态并启动控制；默认从全开开度开始。"""
         initial_opening = self._bounded_opening(initial_opening)
         self.pid.reset(initial_output=initial_opening)
         self.last_opening_pct = initial_opening